LOCALVINO is a research project that has been carried out during the year 2022 by a consortium formed by different companies, research centers and organizations from different communities, and that has focused on studying the applicability of blockchain technology in the grape production and winemaking chain, with the aim of avoiding possible food fraud that can occur throughout the process.
During the same, we have mainly investigated the grape production processes and their control at source, as well as the production of must from these grapes. We have identified the key points to implement an effective control throughout the process, and we have identified the weaknesses in the control that is currently being carried out in different regions of the Spanish wine map.
With all this, we have been able to carry out a proof of concept that has helped us to validate the capacity of blockchain technology for the certification of data in the value chain. The result of the project has been very satisfactory, but it has led us to rethink this second phase, focusing the objective on two fundamental aspects:
1. To carry out an in-depth investigation of the processes involved in winemaking.
2. To carry out specific research on wine certification processes using blockchain technology through the official bodies in charge of it.
This second phase of LOCALVINO will consist of researching the applicability of blockchain in the relationship between wineries and certifying bodies. In fact, the aim is to investigate the ability of blockchain to automate the certification of wine products based on the general regulations determined by the European Community and those particular to each Appellation of Origin.
The reason of the existence of wine appellations of origin lies in the recognition of the quality of wines originating from a given geographical area. This quality, in turn, is related to various processes involved in winemaking: it is conditioned, on the one hand, by the soil, climate, grape variety and other natural aspects; and, on the other hand, by the human intervention provided by the experience and technique of the winegrowers, oenologists and other professionals involved in wine production. The main function of the management bodies (or regulatory councils) of each DO is to control production from the moment the grapes enter the winery until the wine is labeled.
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